For GC analysis, the substance to be analyzed must be in the gaseous form. Because of this, the analysis of many organic compounds requires that injections, columns, and detectors are kept at relatively high temperatures. However, many organic compounds are thermally unstable. In such cases, it is necessary to convert the substance to be analyzed to a more volatile derivative appropriate for GC analysis. GC derivatizing reagents such as silylating, acylating, and alkylating reagents are used for this conversion.
Meanwhile, GC has been used for the analysis of biogenic substances. This generally requires the use of various derivatizing reagents. As an example, trimethylsulfonium hydroxide 1 can easily convert fatty acids, fatty acid esters, and glycerides into their methyl esters in a single step through the pyrolysis of the corresponding sulfonium salts 2.¹⁾ The low-boiling by-product, dimethyl sulfide, does not disturb the chromatographic separation of the samples. Therefore, the method using 1 is suitable for detection not only of longer chain fatty acids but also of relatively short chain fatty acids. 1 has been successfully applied for sample preparation in the analysis of fatty acids in microorganisms and human blood serum.²⁾

■Typical Procedure
A mixture of 1mg of fatty acids is dissolved in 0.1mL toluene, and then 0.5mL trimethylsulfonium hydroxide 1 (0.2mol/L methanol solution) is added. After 30 min at room temperature, the solution is used for gas chromatography.

Silylation

Esterification & Alkylation

Acylation

Others

Silylation

Trimethylsilylation

A5601	A5603	B3402
C0306	H0089	M0536
M0672	B0510	B0511
B0830	A5602	A5604
T0274	A5605	T0590
T0492	T0591	T0585

A5601	BSA [=N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide] [for Gas Chromatography]
A5603	BSTFA [=N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide] [for Gas Chromatography]
B3402	BSTFA-TMCS (99:1) [Derivatizing Reagent for GC]
C0306	Chlorotrimethylsilane
H0089	1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexamethyldisilazane
M0536	N-Methyl-N-trimethylsilylacetamide [Trimethylsilylating Agent]
M0672	N-Methyl-N-trimethylsilyltrifluoroacetamide [Trimethylsilylating Agent]
B0510	N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide (25% in Acetonitrile) [Trimethylsilylating Reagent, for NH2 compounds]
B0511	N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide
B0830	N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide
S0162	SILREST [Column conditioner for Gas chromatography]
A5602	TMS-BA [=N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide] (25% in Acetonitrile) [for Gas Chromatography]
A5604	TMS-HT (HMDS and TMCS in Anhydrous Pyridine) [for Gas Chromatography]
T0274	TMS-HT (HMDS and TMCS in Anhydrous Pyridine) [Trimethylsilylating Reagent, for OH compounds]
A5605	TMS-Imidazole (=N-Trimethylsilylimidazole) [for Gas Chromatography]
T0623	TMS-PZ [Trimethylsilylating Reagent, for wet or dry Sugars, Mono or Poly Saccharides]
T0590	N-Trimethylsilylacetamide
T0492	N-(Trimethylsilyl)diethylamine
T0591	N-(Trimethylsilyl)dimethylamine
T0585	N-Trimethylsilylimidazole [Trimethylsilylating Reagent]

Five species of A5601, A5602, A5603, A5604, and A5605 are trimethylsilylating reagents prepared under strict quality control for highly sensitive analysis. They are purified and controlled so that impure substances having high boiling points, which are detrimental to the analysis, are below 20ppm per one component.

Dimethylsilylation

C0778

T0833

C0778	Chlorodimethylsilane
T0833	1,1,3,3-Tetramethyldisilazane

Alkyldimethylsilylation

B0995	B1043	B1150
D1590	D0135	D1516
D1594	D1596	B1906

B0995	tert-Butyldimethylchlorosilane [tert-Butyldimethylsilylating Agent]
B1043	1-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)imidazole [tert-Butyldimethylsilylating Agent]
B1150	N-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)-N-methyltrifluoroacetamide
D1590	Chlorodimethylpropylsilane [Dimethylpropylsilylating Agent]
D0135	Dimethylethylchlorosilane [Dimethylethylsilylating Agent]
D1516	1-(Dimethylethylsilyl)imidazole [Dimethylethylsilylating Agent]
D1594	Dimethylisopropylchlorosilane [Dimethylisopropylsilylating Agent]
D1596	1-(Dimethylisopropylsilyl)imidazole [Dimethylisopropylsilylating Agent]
B1906	N,O-Bis(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)acetamide [tert-Butyldimethylsilylating Agent]

Halomethylsilylation

B0990

B0847

C0605

B0990	1,3-Bis(chloromethyl)tetramethyldisilazane
B0847	(Bromomethyl)chlorodimethylsilane
C0605	Chloro(chloromethyl)dimethylsilane

Others

A1275	D1976	D1816
B1435	P0854	P0908

A1275	Allylchlorodimethylsilane [Allyldimethylsilylating Reagent for GC/MS]
D1976	Dichlorodiethylsilane
D1816	1,3-Diphenyltetramethyldisilazane
B1435	N,O-Bis(diethylhydrogensilyl)trifluoroacetamide [Simultaneous cyclic silylene and silyl derivatizing reagent for GC]
P0854	Pentafluorophenyldimethylchlorosilane [Pentafluorophenyldimethylsilylating Agent]
P0908	Pentafluorophenyldimethylsilyldiethylamine [Pentafluorophenyldimethylsilylating Agent]

Esterification & Alkylation

N,N-Dimethylformamide Dialkyl Acetals

D1302	D1303	D1294
D1332	D2071	D1595
D1301

D1302	N,N-Dimethylformamide Dibutyl Acetal [for Esterification]
D1303	N,N-Dimethylformamide Di-tert-butyl Acetal [for Esterification]
D1294	N,N-Dimethylformamide Diethyl Acetal [for Esterification]
D1332	N,N-Dimethylformamide Dimethyl Acetal [for Esterification] (0.5ml*10)
D2071	N,N-Dimethylformamide Dimethyl Acetal [for Esterification]
D1595	N,N-Dimethylformamide Dineopentyl Acetal [for Esterification]
D1301	N,N-Dimethylformamide Dipropyl Acetal [for Esterification]

Triazenes

B0949	E0292	I0280
M0641

B0949	1-Benzyl-3-p-tolyltriazene [for Esterification]
E0292	1-Ethyl-3-p-tolyltriazene [for Esterification]
I0280	1-Isopropyl-3-p-tolyltriazene [for Esterification]
M0641	1-Methyl-3-p-tolyltriazene [for Esterification]

Onium Hydroxides

T0676	T0961	P0245
T1576

T0676	Tetramethylammonium Hydroxide (10% in Methanol)
T0961	3-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyltrimethylammonium Hydroxide (5% in Methanol) [for Transesterification of Glyceride]
P0245	Trimethylphenylammonium Hydroxide (20-25% in Methanol) [for On-Column Methylation]
T1576	Trimethylsulfonium Hydroxide (0.2mol/L in Methanol) [Methylating Reagent]

BCl₃, BF₃, HCl-Alkanol Solutions

X0033	X0034	X0035
X0036	X0037

X0033	Boron Trichloride - Methanol Reagent (5-10%) [for Esterification] (1ml*10)
X0034	Boron Trifluoride - Butanol Reagent (10-20%) [for Esterification] (1ml*10)
X0035	Boron Trifluoride - Isopropyl Alcohol Reagent (10-20%) [for Esterification] (1ml*10)
X0036	Boron Trifluoride - Methanol Reagent (10-20%) [for Esterification] (1ml*10)
X0037	Boron Trifluoride - Propanol Reagent (10-20%) [for Esterification] (1ml*10)
X0039	Hydrogen Chloride - Butanol Reagent (5-10%) [for Esterification] (1ml*10)

Diazomethane Precursors & Equivalents

M0527	T0323	N0265
T1146

M0527	1-Methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine (wetted with ca. 50% Water, containing 5g on a dry weight basis)
T0323	N-Methyl-N-nitroso-p-toluenesulfonamide [Precursor to Diazomethane]
N0265	N-Methyl-N-nitrosourethane
T1146	Trimethylsilyldiazomethane (ca. 10% in Hexane, ca. 0.6mol/L)

Acylation

A0694	B0986	H0024
H0337	H0467	M0671
P0807	P0566	T0433
T0670

A0694	N-Acetylimidazole
B0986	Bistrifluoroacetamide
H0024	Heptafluorobutyric Acid
H0337	Heptafluorobutyric Anhydride
H0467	1-(Heptafluorobutyryl)imidazole [Acylating Agent]
M0671	N-Methylbis(trifluoroacetamide) [Trifluoroacylating Agent]
P0807	Pentafluorobenzoyl Chloride
P0566	Pentafluoropropionic Anhydride
T0433	Trifluoroacetic Anhydride
T0670	1-(Trifluoroacetyl)imidazole

Others

B0529	F0280	C0178
P0809	P0822	B0857

B0529	Butylboronic Acid (contains varying amounts of Anhydride) [for Esterification]
F0280	Ferroceneboronic Acid (contains varying amounts of Anhydride) [Cyclic boronating reagent for GC/MS]
C0178	Isobutyl Chloroformate
P0809	Pentafluorobenzyl Bromide
P0822	O-(2,3,4,5,6-Pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine Hydrochloride [for Oxime Preparation]
B0857	Phenylboronic Acid (contains varying amounts of Anhydride)